Camden County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, the population was 44,002. Its county seat is Camdenton. The county was organized January 29, 1841 as Kinderhook County and renamed in 1843 for Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom, and leader of the Whig Party.