The area now known as Lesotho /lɪˈsuːtuː/ goes back as many as 40,000 years. The present Lesotho (then called Basutoland) emerged as a single polity under paramount chief Moshoeshoe I in 1822. Under Moshoeshoe I, Basutoland joined other tribes in their struggle against the Lifaqane associated with the reign of Shaka Zulu from 1818 to 1828.Subsequent evolution of the state was shaped by contact with the British and Dutch colonists from Cape Colony.
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