Rudolf Kner (August 24, 1810 – October 27, 1869) was an Austrian zoologist and ichthyologist.Kner was born in Linz. He studied medicine to completion and then worked at the Kaiserlichen Hof-Naturalienkabinett (now Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) in Vienna, where he worked with Johann Jakob Heckel, among others. In 1841, he became professor for natural science at Lviv University. He returned to Vienna as professor of zoology (November 16, 1849).