Scotland during the Roman Empire refers to the protohistorical period during which the Roman Empire interacted with the area that is now Scotland, which was known to them as "Caledonia". Roman legions arrived around AD 71, having conquered the Celtic tribes of "Britain" (England and Wales) over the preceding three decades. Aiming to annex all of "Albion" (Great Britain), Romans under Q. Petillius Cerialis and Gn. Julius Agricola invaded the Caledonians in the 70s and 80s.
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