Barbara Krause (born 7 July 1959 in East Berlin) is a former freestyle swimmer from East Germany. Krause was a three-time Olympic gold medalist and eight-time world record holder. At the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Krause won gold medals in the 100 m and 200 m freestyle and in the 4×100 m freestyle relay.Her husband, Lutz Wanja, is also a retired German Olympic swimmer.