Candida lusitaniae is a species of yeast in the genus Candida. C. lusitaniae was first identified as a human pathogen in 1979.C. lusitaniae was initially described as a rare cause of fungemia, with fewer than 30 cases reported between 1979 and 1990. However, there has been a marked increase in the number of recognized cases of candidemia due to this organism in the last two decades.