Comparative Cytogenetics is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering plant and animal cytogenetics, karyosystematics, and molecular systematics. It was established in 2007 by the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 2009 it switched to Pensoft Publishers. The editors-in-chief are Valentina G. Kuznetsova and Ilya A. Gavrilov-Zimin (Russian Academy of Science).