The Crimean Khanate (Crimean Tatar/Turkish: Qırım Hanlığı قرم خانلغى or Qırım Yurtu قرم يورتى; Russian: Крымское ханство Krymskoye khanstvo; Ukrainian: Кримське ханство Kryms’ke khanstvo; Polish: Chanat Krymski), was a Turkic vassal state of the Ottoman Empire during 1478 to 1774, the longest-lived of the Turkic khanates that succeeded the empire of the Golden Horde. It was established by Hacı I Giray in 1449.