Dioscorea juxtlahuacensis is a plant species endemic to a small area in the State of Oaxaca in southern Mexico. It is known only from the Santiago Juztlahuaca District in the Sierra Madre del Sur, where it grows in deciduous oak-juniper forests at elevations of 1500–1700 m.Dioscorea juxtlahuacensis is a perennial vine spreading by means of underground rhizomes, trailing on the ground or twining onto other vegetation up to 60 cm above ground.