Gianfranco Parolini (born February 20, 1925 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian film director. He is often credited as Frank Kramer. Among his films are The Sabata Trilogy, several sword and sandal films, most of the Kommissar X films and a number of Spaghetti Westerns.He claimed to have written over 100 thriller novels before becoming an assistant to Giuseppe D'Amato.