James Alexander Fowler (February 22, 1863–November 18, 1955) was an American lawyer who served in various capacities as an Assistant Attorney General and Special Assistant to the U.S. Attorney General from 1908 to 1914, and from 1921 to 1926. In this role, he either argued or prepared briefs for several notable Supreme Court cases, and was active in the organization of the shortly-lived Commerce Court. Fowler was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor of Tennessee in 1898 as well as for U.S.