James W. Robison (March 19, 1831 - July 2, 1909), born James W. Robertson, was a Scottish American farmer, horticulturist, politician, and horse breeder. After his family immigrated to the United States shortly after his birth, Robison attended public school and then studied at Illinois College. He became a wealthy farmer, particularly noted for his large orchards. He served two terms in the Illinois Senate in the 1870s. In 1879, he visited Kansas and established a farm in Butler County.