Manchu (Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ manju gisun) is a severly endangered Tungusic language spoken in Northeast China; it was the native language of the Manchus and one of the official languages of the Qing dynasty (1636-1911). Most Manchus now speak Mandarin Chinese and there are fewer than 70 native and semi-speakers of Manchu out of a total of nearly 10 million ethnic Manchus.