Madame Maria de Victorica, or Baroness Maria von Kretschamn, (1878, Posen, Poland - 1920, New York, United States) was the daughter of a Prussian cavalry officer, Baron Hans von Kretschman, and Countess Jenny von Gustedt, a diplomat. She was also the granddaughter of the illegitimate child of Jenny von Pappenheim and Jérome Bonaparte. Known for her espionage activities during World War I. She also used the alias Marie de Vussière.