Dame Mary Ranken Herring, DBE, CStJ (née Lyle; 31 March 1895 – 26 October 1981) was an Australian medical practitioner and community worker.A graduate of the University of Melbourne, where she studied medicine and excelled at sports, Mary qualified as a general practitioner in 1921 and became a resident surgeon at Royal Melbourne Hospital. Her work was mainly with poor women, many of whom lived in unsanitary conditions and had inadequate diets.