Masatoshi Nei (根井正利, Nei Masatoshi) is currently affiliated with the Department of Biology at Temple University as an adjunct Carnell Professor. He was, until recently, Evan Pugh Professor of Biology at Pennsylvania State University and Director of the Institute of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics and had been there since 1990. He was born in 1931 in Miyazaki Prefecture, on Kyūshū Island, Japan.