Masuma Sultan Begum (died 1509) was the Queen consort of Ferghana Valley and Samarkand as the fifth wife of Emperor Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire and the first Mughal emperor. Masuma was born a Timurid princess and was the fifth and youngest daughter of Babur's paternal uncle, Sultan Ahmed Mirza, the King of Samarkand and Bukhara.