Parnassius simonius is a high altitude butterfly which is found only in the Pamir Mountains. The type locality is Aram-Kunghei, Zaalaisky Mts., Kirghizia. It is a member of the Snow Apollo genus Parnassius of the Swallowtail (Papilionidae) family.P. simonius is found on slopes at 3,400-4,500 m. flying in July. The larva is associated with Lagotis decumbens and Veronica luetkeana.