First published in 1982 by Japan Publicity, Inc., the Rafu Telephone Guide (羅府テレフォンガイド） is an annually published bilingual business telephone directory for Los Angeles, San Diego, and Las Vegas, Nevada, and was the first Japanese-English bilingual telephone directory published in California by Chieko Mori and later Toshihiko Takabatake. Rafu means Los Angeles in Japanese from the time Japanese people used to use Kanji to represent foreign words phonetically. The book has been always changing.