Roman Andriyovych Rudenko (Ukrainian: Роман Андрійович Руденко, Russian: Рома́н Андре́евич Руде́нко, July 30, 1907, Nosovka, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire, now Nosivka, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine - January 23, 1981, Moscow, USSR) was a Ukrainian Soviet lawyer. He was the prosecutor of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1944-1953 and Chief prosecutor of the entire Soviet Union from 1953.