Roland Henry Chaplin, OBE, FRAeS, (16 May 1899 – 13 December 1988), known as "Roy", was an aeronautical engineer who worked with Sydney Camm at Hawker Aircraft Limited from 1927 to 1962. He helped design the Hawker Fury biplane, the Hurricane monoplane, and the Harrier jump-jet. He graduated with a degree in engineering from London University and retired in the 1960s.