The English-language exonyms Ruthenian, (Cyrillic transliteration: Rusyn) (German: Ruthene, Russian: Русины, Rusiny; Ukrainian: Русини/Руські, Rusyny/Rus'ki; Belarusian: Русіны, Rusin: Русины, Rusiny) have been applied to various East Slavic peoples.The names Ruthenian and Ruthene were historically applied to peoples speaking the eastern Slavic languages in Rus' (Русь), especially in the medieval kingdom of Kievan Rus', in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and in Poland after Union of Lublin in 1569.In its narrower senses, the exonym Ruthenian can identify ethnic Rusyns and/or inhabitants of a cross-border region around the northern Carpathian Mountains, including western Ukraine (especially Zakarpattia Oblast; part of historic Carpathian Ruthenia), eastern Slovakia and southern Poland.