Sardis (/ˈsɑrdɪs/) or Sardes (/ˈsɑrdiːz/; Lydian: Sfard; Ancient Greek: Σάρδεις Sardeis; Old Persian: 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭 Sparda) was an ancient city at the location of modern Sart (Sartmahmut before 19 October 2005) in Turkey's Manisa Province. Sardis was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Lydia, one of the important cities of the Persian Empire, the seat of a proconsul under the Roman Empire, and the metropolis of the province Lydia in later Roman and Byzantine times.