Theodoor Herman "Theo" de Meester (16 December 1851 – 27 December 1919) was a Dutch Liberal politician who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands and Minister of Finance from 1905 to 1908. De Meester was the son of Gerrit Abraham de Meester (1817–1864), who had been a member of the Dutch parliament for the Zwolle constituency from 1862 to 1864. A former administrator in the Dutch East Indies, De Meester's cabinet was inaugurated on 17 August 1905.