Thomas Sheldon Maxey (September 1, 1846 – December 5, 1921) was a United States federal judge.Born in Brandon, Mississippi, Maxey was in the Confederate Army from 1864 to 1865, then received an LL.B. from the University of Virginia in 1869. He was a Mississippi state representative in 1870. He was in private practice in Jefferson, Texas from 1871 to 1877, serving as city attorney for Jefferson from 1875 to 1877 before moving his private practice to Austin, Texas from 1877 to 1888.