Umar Kayam was an Indonesian sociologist and writer born in Ngawi, East Java, on April 30, 1932 and died on March 16, 2002. He began his education at Hollands Inlands School (HIS) Mangkunegoro, Surakarta, where his father also taught. He continued his education at MULO(Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs), then also continued studying language at a high school in Yogyakarta until 1951.He graduated from the Faculty of Education at Gadjah Mada University (1955), received a M.A.