Sir William Watson Cheyne, 1st Baronet KCMG CB FRCS FRS (14 December 1852 – 19 April 1932) was a British surgeon and bacteriologist, who pioneered the use of antiseptic surgical methods in the United Kingdom.Cheyne was born at sea off Hobart, Tasmania. His father, Andrew Cheyne, was the eldest of two illegitimate children born to James Cheyne, brother to the Laird of Tangwick, John Cheyne.