"(Eastern) American Red Fox"@en . . . . . . . . . . "The American Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes fulves), commonly known as the Eastern American Red Fox is a North American subspecies of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes). Historically, Red Foxes were classified as two species: Vulpes vulpes in Eurasia and Vulpes fulva in the Americas (Tesky, 1995). Since 1959 they have been considered to be a singular species of Vulpes vulpes, with Vulpes fulva one of the ten subspecies (Hall, 1981; Kamler & Ballard, 2002)."@en . "V. v. pennsylvanicus Rhoads, 1894" .