. . "1660-04-04Z"^^ . . . "Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland"@en . "1660Z"^^ . "The Commonwealth was the period from 1649 onwards when England, along later with Ireland and Scotland, was ruled as a republic following the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I. The republic's existence was initially declared through \"An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth\", adopted by the Rump Parliament on 19 May 1649. Power in the early Commonwealth was vested primarily in the Parliament and a Council of State."@en . "England"@en . "1649Z"^^ . "Commonwealth of England"@en . "1653-12-16Z"^^ . "1659-05-25Z"^^ . "1659Z"^^ . . "1649-05-19Z"^^ . . "1653Z"^^ .