. . "The Eastern Trans-Fly languages are a small independent family of Papuan languages in the classification of Malcolm Ross, that constituted a branch of Stephen Wurm's 1970 Trans-Fly proposal, which he later incorporated into his 1975 expansion of the Trans\u2013New Guinea family as part of a Trans-Fly \u2013 Bulaka River branch. Wurm himself concluded that some of the Trans-Fly languages were not Trans\u2013New Guinea languages but rather heavily influenced by them."@en .