"In mathematics, an H-space, or a topological unital magma, is a topological space X (generally assumed to be connected) together with a continuous map \u03BC : X \u00D7 X \u2192 X with an identity element e so that \u03BC(e, x) = \u03BC(x, e) = x for all x in X. Alternatively, the maps \u03BC(e, x) and \u03BC(x, e) are sometimes only required to be homotopic to the identity (in this case e is called homotopy identity), sometimes through basepoint preserving maps."@en .