. "The kaval is a chromatic end-blown flute traditionally played throughout Azerbaijan, Turkey, Hungary, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Albania, southern Serbia (\u043A\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043B), Ukraine, Moldova, northern Greece (\u03BA\u03B1\u03B2\u03AC\u03BB\u03B9 or \u03C4\u03B6\u03B1\u03BC\u03AC\u03C1\u03B1), Romania (caval), and Armenia (\u0532\u056C\u0578\u0582\u056C or blul). The kaval is primarily associated with mountain shepherds throughout the Balkans and Anatolia.Unlike the transverse flute, the kaval is fully open at both ends, and is played by blowing on the sharpened edge of one end."@en . .