. . "1970-09-14Z"^^ . . "Rudolf Carnap (/\u02C8k\u0251rn\u00E6p/; German: [\u02C8ka\u0250\u032Fna\u02D0p]; May 18, 1891 \u2013 September 14, 1970) was a German-born philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter. He was a major member of the Vienna Circle and an advocate of logical positivism. He is considered \"one of the giants among twentieth-century philosophers.\""@en . . "German philosopher" . "1970Z"^^ . . . "Carnap, Rudolf"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Rudolf Carnap"@en . . . . "1891Z"^^ . . "1891-05-18Z"^^ . . . . . . .