. . "Ming Dynasty China" . . "Sino-Dutch conflicts"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Ming Loyalists" . . "14px|Dutch East India Company" . . "The Sino\u2013Dutch conflicts were a series of conflicts between Ming dynasty China and the Dutch East India Company over trade and land throughout the 1620s, 1630s and 1662 in which the Chinese defeated the Dutch forces."@en . "Decisive Chinese victory" . .